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Image from web page 23 of “Steam turbines a sensible and theoretical treatise for engineers and students, which includes a discussion of the gas turbine” (1917)
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Identifier: steamturbinespra00moye
Title: Steam turbines a sensible and theoretical treatise for engineers and students, which includes a discussion of the gas turbine
Year: 1917 (1910s)
Authors: Moyer, James Ambrose, 1875-
Subjects: Steam-turbines
Publisher: New York, Wiley
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress
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Text Appearing Before Image:
a condenser,depending on no matter whether the operation is non-condensing or con-densing. Preliminary to the study of the modern commercial types ofsteam turbines it is desirable to state briefly some of the mostimportant stages via which this quite ancient type of steammotor has passed in its development. Early History. The earliest notices of heat engines of anykind are discovered in a book by Hero of Alexandria, which wasprobably written in the second century ahead of Christ. In thisbook of mechanical contrivances a steam reaction wheel is guys-tioned. This very first steam turbine is shownin Fig. three. It is described as consistingof a hollow spherical vessel pivotedon a central axis and supplied withsteam by means of the assistance M and oneof the pivots from a boiler, B, beneath.Steam escaped from the vessel throughbent pipes or nozzles N, N, facing tan-gen tially in opposite directions. Thespherical vessel was revolved by the re-action due to the escaping steam, just asa Barkers mill is moved by the water
Text Appearing After Image:
Fig. three. Heros Turbine. escaping from its arms. Any fluid escap-ing below pressure from a vessel whichis totally free to move causes a reaction tending to displace the vesselin the opposite direction from the flow of the fluid. This reaction,despite the fact that imperfectly understood by Hero, was completely appliedin his steam turbine which was utilized to open the doors oftemples. Only a few years ago a model of Heros engine wasconstructed by a celebrated English engineer,! with, of course, * In this figure one of the nozzles is represented as if transparent to show itsshape on the inside, and a portion of the steel band around the blades is reduce away toshow the shape of the blades or vanes, as nicely as to illustrate the passage of steamfrom the nozzle into and by means of the blades. t See page eight. INTRODUCTION all the advantages of modern machine tools and appliances,with the result that an engine was developed which, in economy,compared nicely with our elaborate and difficult modernengines. In 1577 a German mechanic
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